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> Opened in 1977, the Museum of Florida History collects, preserves, exhibits, and interprets evidence of past and present cultures in Florida, and promotes knowledge and appreciation of this heritage. As the state history museum, it focuses on artifacts and eras unique to Florida's development and on roles that Floridians have played in national and global events. Through exhibits, educational programs, research, and collections, the Museum reflects the ways that people have shaped and reacted to their cultural and natural environments.
As the repository for the state's historical artifacts, the Museum maintains permanent collections of nearly 44,000 items that document the daily lives of Florida's varied populations. The Museum also promotes heritage awareness statewide through traveling exhibits, publications, outreach activities, and technical and financial support to other institutions.
The Museum system includes five sites in Tallahassee: the Main Gallery, the Old Capitol, the Union Bank, Mission San Luis de Apalachee, and the Knott House, each highlighting a different period of Florida history. While resources and services vary among the locations, in general visitors can take self-guided tours, and organized groups can receive a free site introduction or tour with advance reservation.
At the Main Gallery in the R. A. Gray Building, artifacts, reproductions, hands-on materials, and graphics interpret Florida's colorful past from the Pleistocene era to the present. Highlights include a fully reconstructed mastodon skeleton; artifacts from 18th-century Spanish shipwrecks; Civil War flags; and a lifesize, partial replica of a Florida steamboat. Florida's First People, a major new exhibit about prehistoric populations, was opened in 1997. The Museum also presents special exhibitionss.
In its present location since 1845, Florida's historic Old Capitol was expanded several times, although it retains the original floor plan in the center of the building. In 1978, the last state employees vacated the stately, time-worn structure, which, after selective demolition, was restored to its 1902 appearance and opened as a museum in 1982. Today, The Old Capitol's special exhibits interpret the state's political history, constitutions, and the history of the building. Artifacts and reproductions are displayed in the Governor's Suite and Supreme Court and in the Senate and House chambers.
Completed in 1841 when Florida was still a territory, the Union Bank is the state's oldest surviving bank building. Chartered to help finance local cotton plantations, it ultimately closed because of crop failures, the Second Seminole War, and poor management. After the Civil War, it reopened as the Freedman's Savings and Trust Company for emancipated slaves and later served several other functions.
In 1971, the Bank was moved from its original site, and, after restoration, it was opened as a museum in 1984. The Union Bank now serves as an extension of the Florida A&M University Black Archives, Research Center and Museum and is open to the public and school groups only on weekdays. Artifacts and documents reflecting black history and culture are on display, and public programs are provided by Black Archives staff.
From 1656 to 1704, San Luis de Talimali was the capital of the Spanish missions among the Apalachee Indians. One of the largest of the missions in La Florida, the town had 1,400 inhabitants in 1675. Threatened by hostile forces in 1704, residents burned San Luis and fled to St. Augustine and Pensacola.
Fifty acres of the original townsite were purchased by the State of Florida in 1983; historical and archaeological research and public education programs followed soon after